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The Nissan Sentra is a car produced by Nissan since 1982. Originally subcompact in classification, for model year 2000 it was reclassified as a compact car, becoming mid-size for 2007. Until 2006, Sentra was a rebadged export version of the Japanese Nissan Sunny, but since the 2013 model year, Sentra is a rebadged export version of the Nissan Sylphy. The Sentra nameplate is not used in Japan. Many other countries in South America sell their versions of the Sunny as the Sentra. In Mexico, the first three generations of the Sentra were known as the Nissan Tsuru (Japanese for crane), and the B13 model is still sold under that name, alongside the updated models badged as Sentra. In North America, the Sentra currently serves as Nissan's compact car, despite being rated as mid-size due to its interior volume since the 2007 model year. While previous Sentras were subcompacts, the Sentra has grown over the years, with the Nissan Versa having replaced the Sentra in the entry-level area, and the Sentra has now is now rated as a mid-size car due to its interior volume. The Sentra name was created for Nissan by Ira Bachrach of Namelab, and Bachrach describes the origin as "Nissan wanted consumers to understand that it was quite safe even though it was small. The word Sentra sounds like central as well as sentry, which evokes images of safety." == B11 (1982–1986) == The first generation of the Nissan Sentra was introduced in the United States in May 1982 as a direct replacement for the Datsun 210.〔("Nissan To Introduce New Economy Car" ), ''The New York Times'', April 21, 1982, accessed April 19, 2011.〕 Initially the model was imported from Japan, where it was produced at Zama plant.〔 Available in four body styles (two-door sedan, four-door sedan, five-door wagon and three-door hatchback coupe), it was the second car to be marketed in the United States under the nameplate of Nissan and using a model name instead of a number. The first one was the Nissan Stanza, introduced in the 1981 New York Auto Show as a 1982 model. While previous Sunny models had used a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, the B11 Sentra was the first to use a front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout. Engine choice was the (E15) 1.5 L four-cylinder SOHC,〔''Popular Mechanics'', July 1982, p. 124〕 replacing the old A-Series OHV. This featured semi-hemispherical combustion chambers, high-swirl intake ports and a semi-dual exhaust manifold to provide strong torque at low and medium rpm ranges. Torque peak was at 3,200 rpm. Transmission options were a four-speed manual, 5-speed manual or a three-speed automatic with lock-up torque converter. Drag coefficient was 0.39 for the coupe and 0.40 for two- and four-door sedans.〔 At the time of its release, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) gave the Sentra MPG the highest gasoline mileage among gasoline powered cars sold at that time, 43 miles per gallon in city and 58 miles per gallon in highway, a combined 48 miles per gallon.〔Mateja, James. ("Nissan introduces new car" ), ''Chicago Tribune'', May 2, 1982, accessed April 19, 2011.〕 Curb weight of only 1,875 pounds helped it to achieve that number. The Sentra MPG was a special configuration that featured a three-way exhaust catalyst and an electronically controlled fuel metering unit to monitor the air-fuel mixture automatically and make adjustments to boost fuel mileage.〔("Nissan's move to front-wheel drive paying dividends" ), ''The Day'', June 11, 1982, accessed April 19, 2011.〕 Trim levels were standard, Deluxe and XE, while price range were between US$4,949 for the base two-door sedan up to US$6,899 for the two-door XE hatchback coupe. Standard equipment on all models were four-wheel independent suspension, front disc brakes and rear drums, rack and pinion steering, maintenance free battery, rear ashtray and bucket seats. Deluxe models added halogen headlamps, remote-locking gas filler door, carpeted trunk and rear wiper-washer on the wagon. Deluxe and XE offered tinted glass, trip odometer, vanity mirror, dual remote mirrors and door trim. XE offered cut pile carpeting, analogue quartz clock, remote rear window opener, low-fuel warning light, AM-FM Clarion stereo radio, power steering, tachometer and 155/13 whitewall radial tires.〔 Sunroof was available as an option. The Sentra quickly became a success, partly due to the appeal of low fuel consumption. In its first year of sales, it was already the best-selling import in the U.S. and the fourth best-selling passenger car overall, with 191,312 units sold.〔("Luxury Car Sales Bucked Trend, Grew 5% In '82" ), ''Ocala Star-Banner'', January 7, 1983, accessed April 19, 2011.〕 The Sentra ended the 1983 year as the eighth-most sold passenger car, with 209,889 units.〔("Cutlass nation's top-selling car" ), ''Lodi News-Sentinel'', January 7, 1984, accessed April 19, 2011.〕 The 1983 model-year introduced a 1.7 L CD17 I4 diesel engine, mated with a four-speed manual transmission. Also, the 1.5 L was replaced by a 1.6 L E16 as the standard engine, available with a five-speed manual or three-speed automatic. Later that year the Sentra also received an electronically controlled carburetor.〔("Imports add more spice to US market" ), ''The Milwaukee Journal'', November 16, 1983, accessed April 19, 2011.〕 In April 1985, Nissan started production of the Sentra in the Smyrna, Tennessee plant, after a US$85 million investment.〔 The 1985 model-year received minor exterior changes: aerodynamically styled headlamps, a new grille and blackwall tires replaced the old whitewall tires. A sporty SE option was introduced. The SE was only available in the two-door hatchback model and included alloy wheels, black lower body paint and black out grille. Also, automatic transmission was optional on all Sentras except two-door base sedan, MPG Diesel and SE coupe. Prices were starting at US$5,499.〔("Sentra remains America's import leader" ), ''Record-Journal'', February, 1985, accessed April 19, 2011.〕 Diesel engine was discontinued in the U.S. market. ''Consumer Reports'' magazine ranked the B11 reliability as "better than average" in 1985.〔("Consumer Reports recommends 5 subcompact, 9 sports cars" ), ''Gainesville Sun'', May 12, 1985, accessed April 19, 2011.〕 Regarding the safety of the B11 model, it was ranked the seventh safest car in a rank made by the Center for Auto Safety in 1983, which examined the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) testing, consisting of frontal crashes at 35 miles per hour.〔("Chevrolet Celebrity Tops List In Auto Safety Crash Testing" ), ''Sarasota Herald-Tribune'', April 27, 1983, accessed April 19, 2011.〕 In Mexico it was called the Datsun/Nissan Tsuru. Some, by now rare, early models still had the Datsun badge but it was soon replaced by the Nissan badge. Also, the three-door hatchback was known as the Nissan Samurai and it was offered with a performance package called "Ninja" which included a low boost Turbo and Ninja stickers on the low side of the doors. The B11 was sold in the United Kingdom as the Nissan Sunny in 1.3 DX, 1.3 GL, 1.5 DX, 1.5 GL, 1.5 GL Auto, 1.5 SGL and 1.5 SGL Spirit variants. A station wagon version was also offered. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nissan Sentra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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